（ ） analysis emphasizes the drawing of pictorial system models to document and validate both existing and/or proposed systems．Ultimately, the system models become the（ ） for designing and constructing an improved system. （ ） is such a technique. The emphasis in this technique is process-centered．Systems analysts draw a series of process models called （ ） . （ ） is another such technique that integrates data and process concerns into constructs called objects.
（ ）